重庆市九龙坡区居民高血压患病率及相关影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension among residents in Jiulongpo District,Chongqing Municipality

目的了解重庆市九龙坡区居民高血压病患病现状及相关影响因素,为开展高血压综合防治工作提供建议。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对九龙坡区4个街镇12个居委会(村)的18岁以上的常住居民1 200人进行问卷调查及身体检测。采用SPSS19.0统计分析高血压患病率,χ~2检验与多因素logistic回归分析高血压影响因素。结果九龙坡区居民高血压患病率24.58%、年龄标化患病率23.03%;logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.80~2.30,P=0.000)、高血压家族史(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.53~3.34,P=0.00)、盐摄入过多(OR=1.73,95%CI:1.18~2.52,P=0.00)、血脂异常(OR=51.36,95%CI:28.07~94.79,P=0.00)、超重肥胖(OR=2.23,95%CI:1.53~3.23,P=0.00)、代谢综合征(OR=2.88,95%CI:1.77~4.67,P=0.00)是高血压病的独立危险因素。结论重庆市九龙坡区居民高血压患病率处于较高水平,膳食不合理、身体活动不足等危险因素普遍存在,应采取有效措施加以控制。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension among residents in Jiulongpo District, Chongqing Municipality so as to put forward suggestions for its comprehensive prevention and treatment. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1,200 permanent residents aged 18 and above from 12 committees （ villages ） in 4 streets （ towns } of Jiulongpo District, and then questionnaire surveys and physical examinations were conducted. SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the prevalence rate of hypertension. Chi-square test and multi-factor logistic regression model were employed for analyzing the influenting factors of hypertension. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension among the residents in Jiulongpo District was 24.58%, and the age-adjusted prevalence rate was 23.03%. Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age （ OR = 2.03, 95% CI： 1.80- 2.30, P = 0.000） , family history of hypertension （ OR = 2.26, 95% CI： 1.53- 3.34, P=0.00）, excessive salt intake（ OR= 1.73, 95%CI： 1.18-2.52, P= 0.00）, dyslipidemia（ OR= 51.36, 95%C1：28.07- 94. 79, P=0. 00） , overweight and obese （0R=2.23, 95%CI：1.53-3.23, P=0.00） as well as metabolic syndrome （OR=2.88, 95% CI： 1.77-4.67, P = 0. 00） were the independent risk factors for hypertension. Conclusions The prevalence rate of hyper- tension in the residents in Jiulongpo District Chongqing Municipality is high. Unreasonable diet, physical activity deficiency and other risk factors are prevailing. It is necessary to adopt effective measures to control them.