蒙农7号高丹草的选育及其特性分析

Breeding and Characteristics of Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense cv.Mengnong No.7

为培育超低氢氰酸含量且综合农艺性状优良的高丹草新品种,将抗旱抗寒、抗倒伏性强的高粱雄不育系V4A与氢氰酸含量低、叶量大、品质好、营养价值高的棕壳苏丹草进行人工杂交授粉,从F2代群体选择优良单株,通过单株选择和混合选择,历经9个世代育成超低氢氰酸高丹草新品种蒙农7号。新品种生育期142d,具有发达的根系、较强的再生能力和高大的植株,平均株高414.80cm,鲜草、种子产量高,3次刈割平均鲜草产量15.96万kg/hm^2,种子产量5823.63kg/hm^2;拔节期,茎叶鲜草氢氰酸含量仅7.06mg/kg,粗蛋白质含量14.63%、粗脂肪含量3.58%;开花期粗蛋白质含量8.00%,粗脂肪含量2.27%,且富含各种氨基酸及粗纤维、钙、磷等;花期主茎糖锤度高达11.39%,多汁,茎叶比小(2.92),适口性好,适应性广,推广利用前景广阔。

In order to breed new sorghum-sudangrass cultivar with ultra-low hydrocyanic acid content and excellent agronomic traits,the sorghum male sterile line V4 Aof stronger drought,cold and lodging resistance was hybridized with brown hull sudangrass that has low hydrocyanic acid content,a large leaves,good quality and high nutritional value.Using method of combining molecular marker assisted selection with conventional cross breeding,Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense cv.Mengnong No.7had been bred successively through 9generations.The growth period of new cultivar were around 142 days,and showed a well developed root system,stronger tillers and regeneration vigor,taller plants.The plant average height was 414.80 cm,and it can be cut 3times in growing season,the fresh yield were about159555.12kg/hm^2,and the seed yield were about 5823.63kg/hm^2;The content of CN—was 7.06mg/kg,the content of crude protein and crude fat was respectively 14.63%and 3.58%at jointing stage,was 8.00%and 2.27%respectively at flowering stage,rich in amino acids,crude fiber,calcium and phosphorus etc.;the sugar brix was 11.39%,and ratio of stem to leaves was low to 2.92.The new sorghum-sudangrass cultivar has higher nutrition value and better adaptability and spacious promoting prospect.