晚期非小细胞肺癌靶向治疗进展与展望:聚焦小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂

Recent Advances and Prospect of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Targeted Therapy:Focus on Small Molecular Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

目前晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗已经迈入靶向时代并且发展迅速,药物不断推陈出新。小分子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂占据了其中最大的一块版图,它们往往有明确的分子靶标作为疗效预测因素,在特定分子分型的患者中表现出卓越的疗效,因此成为靶向治疗的典型代表。表皮生长因子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂厄洛替尼、吉非替尼、埃克替尼和间变性淋巴瘤激酶酪氨酸激酶抑制剂克唑替尼带来了里程碑式的进步。而近年来新一代酪氨酸激酶抑制剂在上述两类药物获得性耐药患者中又取得了巨大的成功,同时新的治疗靶点也不断涌现。本文就此对重要的药物和临床研究进行了梳理和总结,并对未来的发展做出展望。

At present the treatment of advanced non-small ceil kmg cancer enters a targeted era and develops rapidly. New drugs appear constantly. Small molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitors have occupied the biggest piece of the territory, which commonly have a clear biomarker as predictor, and show remarkable effect in specific molecular classification of patients. The epidermal growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefitinib, erlotinib, icotinib and anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors crizotinib have brought a milestone advance. In recent years new generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitots have achieved a great success in patients with acquired resistance to the above two kinds of drugs. At the same time new therapeutic targets are constantly emerging. So in this paper, we reviewed and summarized the important drugs and clinical trails on this topic, and made a prospect of the future development.