喷灌条件下水分调控对白茶生长发育及产量的影响

Influences of Water Regulation Methods Under Sprinkler Irrigation on Growth and Output of White tea

为江苏省丘陵地区茶园推广喷灌技术提供合理的灌溉指导,研究了喷灌条件下不同水分调控对该地区白茶生长发育及产量的影响,设置了茶叶根区(土壤地表以下)40 cm处土壤相对含水量下限控制灌溉:65%、75%和85%,并以未灌溉作为对照,每个处理重复3次,按随机区组布置。采茶后测定新梢芽叶性状、叶片干重、叶面积、产量,并分析各处理下白茶的经济效益。从对茶树新梢芽叶形状影响来看,喷灌可加深叶色,增加百芽重;从叶片干重和叶面积来看,喷灌能显著增加叶片干重,增加叶面积;从茶叶产量来看,喷灌能明显增加产量,增产幅度为18.18%~54.55%,其中以相对含水量85%的处理增产效果最佳;从茶叶产值效果来看,喷灌较未灌溉可增加纯收入34~156万元/hm^2。茶园使用喷灌技术具有明显的增收增产的效果,且相对含水量85%的处理效果最显著。

In order to provide reasonable irrigation guidance for tea plantation in hilly areas of Jiangsu province, the influences of different water regulation under sprinkler irrigation on growth and output of white tea are studied. The experiment includes three treatments, in which the soil moisture at 40 cm depth is controlled at 65%, 75% and 85% and a treatment without irrigation as control. The treatments are replicated tree times in a completely randomized block design. The results show that： from the aspect of the influences of irrigation modes on new shoot growth, sprinkler irrigation mode can deepen the color of leaves and increase one-hundred-bud eight of teas; sprinkler irrigation can increase leaf area and productivity by 18.18% - 54.55% and the treatment of 85% relative water content is the most effective one; compared with no irrigation, the net income of the tea yard using sprinkler irrigation method can be increased by 340- 1 560 thousand yuan per hm^2.