柳园口灌区作物ET_0变化及节水灌溉模式研究

Research on Crop ET_0 Variation and Water-saving Irrigation Mode of the LiuYuanKou Large Irrigation Area

为了研究黄河下游灌区作物需水量变化规律,以柳园口灌区为例,采用国际上通用的Penman公式,分析研究主要参考作物的需水量变化情况,并结合引黄河水流量与含沙量的变化特点,探讨了灌区节水灌溉模式。研究表明:柳园口灌区ET_0呈近年来处于稳定态势,整体略有下降,主要农作物受生长季节和生育周期的限制,棉花生育期需水量大于小麦,小麦的需水量大于玉米。结合黄河来水来沙分布情况,引导灌区适时使用引黄灌溉和井灌的灌溉模式,充分发挥有限水资源的最大效益。

In order to study the crop water requirement change rule of Yellow River downstream irrigation district, this paper adopts Penman formula to analyze the water requirement change of the main reference crop with the LiuYuan irrigation area as an example. The water-saving irrigation mode is also discussed through the combination of the change characteristic of the Yellow River flow and sediment concentration. The results show that： the ETo value of LiuYuan Irrigation District is in a stable situation in recent years and declines slightly on the whole; the ET0 values of main crops are affected by the growing season and the reproductive cycle ; the water demand of the whole growth period from large to small is arranged as cotton, wheat and corn. It is proposed to combine with the distribution of Yellow River flow and sediment, to encourage the irrigation mode of timely using Yellow River water and the well water, and to make full use of the limited water resources.