美国大学校长遴选的特征及面临的挑战

The Features and Challenges on American College and University Presidential Selection

美国高等教育经过近400年的发展,各种制度和体系日渐成熟,大学校长遴选制也不例外。总体来看,美国大学校长遴选的特征可以概括为"契合""主动""参与"和"多样"几个关键词。目前,现代大学的功能越来越广泛,与社会的联系也越来越紧密,大学校长职务的重要性也与日俱增。与此同时,美国大学校长遴选也日渐成为一项极具挑战性的工作,面临着种种矛盾和难题。

For about four hundred years, several of systems in higher education field, including the college and university presidential selection system, have gradually become mature in the United States. Now the features of presidential selection can be summarized as institutional fit, initiative, participation, and diversity. The president of a college or a university become more important and ehallengeable with the more huge scale, the more complicate structure, more abundant fulfillment and more interactive relationship with other organizations of the colleges and universities. At the same time, the college and university presidential selection faces many challenges and difficulties.