绘画艺术疗法在缓解高三学生考试压力中的应用效果

Application effects of drawing art therapy on psychological intervention of college entrance examination pressure for senior middle school students

目的探索绘画艺术疗法在缓解高三学生考试压力的应用效果。方法采用方便取样，从长沙市、湘潭市和株洲市分别抽取若干在校的高三学生，将所有学生以班级为单位随机分为绘画团辅组、一般团辅组和对照组。基线时对所有受试进行考试焦虑量表和中学生学业压力源量表评估，分别再进行6次结合绘画艺术疗法的团体辅导（绘画团辅组）、6次一般的团体辅导f一般团辅组）和一次大型的讲座（对照组），干预后再行量表评估。结果绘画团辅组能有效改善中学生高考学业压力状况，包括降低考试焦虑和学业压力俨〈0．01）；一般团辅组虽能有效降低学生的学业压力（P〈0．01），但学生的考试焦虑没有显著的降低（P〉0．05）；对照组的学生的考试焦虑没有发生的显著变化（P〉0．05），但学业压力却显著上升（P〈0．01）。在3种干预方式效果比较中，绘画团辅组在降低考试焦虑和学业压力均显著优于一般团辅组和对照组（P〈0．011，而一般团辅组在降低学业压力显著优于对照组（P〈0．01），但在降低考试焦虑方面二者无差异（P〉0．05）。结论结合绘画艺术疗法的团体辅导能有效缓解中学生高考压力和考试焦虑，其干预效果要优于一般的团体辅导，可以作为一种有效的团体辅导方式。

Objective To explore the application effects of drawing art therapy on psychological intervention of college entrance examination pressure for senior middle school students. Methods Senior middle school students were randomly selected from Changsha, Xiangtan and Zhuzhou. All students were randomly divided into three groups ： drawing group, general group and control group. Test Anxiety Scale （TAS） and Middle School Students Stress Scale were measured at baseline and after intervention in all groups. Six times of group counseling with drawing art therapy （drawing group）, six times of general group counseling （general group） and one time of large lecture （control group） were conducted. Results Pressure of college entrance examination was improved significantly in drawing group, including exam anxiety and academic pressure （P 〈 0.01）. Pressure of college entrance examination was also improved significantly in general group （P 〈 0.01）, but exam anxiety was not changed （P 〉 0.05）. Academic pressure increased significantly in control group （P 〈 0.01）, while exam anxiety was not changed （P 〉 0.05）. Exam anxiety and academic pressure improved more in drawing group than general group and control group （P 〈 0.01）. And academic pressure improved more in general group than control group （P 〈 0.01）. While improvement of exam anxiety showed no difference between general group and control group （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Drawing art therapy can relieve the pressure and anxiety of college entrance examination for senior middle school students effectively. And the effect of drawing art therapy is better than general group counseling.