电磁轨道发射状态下的复合导轨动态响应研究

Dynamic Response of Composite Rail during Launch Process of Electromagnetic Railgun

电磁炮导轨中通入电流后,电枢受到电磁力作用沿轨道移动,由于导轨受到安培力和电枢压力的作用,会引起轨道内表面的磨损、刨削现象,限制了电磁轨道炮的使用寿命。而铜基复合轨道可以同时具备有良好的导电性能、耐烧蚀能力以及较高的强度,在大功率多次发射的电磁轨道炮中具有较好的应用前景。将复合导轨简化为弹性地基梁,并对其受力特点进行力学分析,应用二维Fourier积分变换,得到复合导轨在移动荷载作用下动态挠度的一般解,进而得到电磁轨道发射状态下复合导轨的动态响应。分析了复合轨道的几何尺寸、通入电压等参量对复合导轨动态响应的影响。计算结果表明:电枢压力对轨道变形的影响远大于轨道间斥力的影响;合理的复合层厚度占比可以改善轨道的动态性能。

Armature is subjected to an electromagnetic force to move along the composite rail when elec- tric current flows into the electromagnetic rail. The inner surface of the rail may be worn and planed due to ampere force and armature pressure, which limits the service life of the electromagnetic rail gun. Cop- per-based composite rail has good conductivity, corrosion resistance and higher strength. The composite rail is simplified as an elastic foundation beam, and its mechanical characteristics are analyzed. The general solution of the dynamic deflection of composite rail under moving load is obtained by using the two-dimensional Fourier transform. The dynamic response of the composite rail under the launching of electromagnetic railgun is obtained. The influences of the geometrical dimensions of composite rail and the input voltage on the dynamic response of composite rail are analyzed. The results show that the influ- ence of armature pressure on the rail deformation is much larger than that of the repulsive force, and the dynamic property of rail can be improved by using the reasonable proportion of composite layer thickness.