飞机装配协调方法研究

Research on Aircraft Assembly Coordination Method

为了保证飞机装配质量,需要制定合理的基准体系、公差分配方案与装配工艺流程,但无论采用何种基准体系与公差分配方案,无论采用何种装配工艺流程,都难免会在一些零件贴合面处出现间隙或干涉。文中结合工程实例总结、研究了可能会出现间隙或干涉时的装配协调方法,包括加垫片、金属件加余量、复材件加牺牲层、带应力连接、根据测量数据生产零件等,分析了它们的特点与适用性。

To guarantee aircraft assembly quality, it is essential to establish appropriate datum system, tolerance distribution scheme and assembly process. But whatever datum system and tolerance distribution scheme is used, whatever assembly process is chosen, it is inevitable that gap or interference appears at some parts＂ interface. This paper summarizes and researches assembly coordination methods when gap or interference may appear based on several engineering examples. These methods include shimming, adding additional material on metal parts, adding sacrificial plies on composite parts, assembly with stress, manufacturing parts according to actual measurements etc. Their characteristics and applicability are analyzed.