轴系扭矩测量方法与发展趋势

The Methods and Development Trend of Torque Measurement for Transmission Shafting

扭矩是反映轴系传动装置输出功率和评价其工作特性的主要技术指标,通过实时监测输出扭矩可为机械动力设备的可靠运行、故障诊断、安全维护提供有效保障,开展轴系扭矩测量方法研究具有重要意义。本文基于传递法的两大类扭矩测量原理,详细分析了当今研究较为广泛的几种应力(应变)检测型、扭转角检测型扭矩测量方法和传感器结构的工作原理、特点以及存在的问题。结合轴系传动装置自身的特点与发展,认为今后轴系扭矩测量方法应在应变片测量工艺改进、非接触式测量、特殊尺寸轴上测量、数据处理方法和可计量性设计几方面开展进一步研究。

Torque is main technical index that reflects the output power and performances of transmission shafting,which can provides effective guarantee for reliable operation,fault diagnosis and security maintenance of power equipment via real time monitoring of output torque. It has important implications for torque measurement of transmission shafting. Based on the two kinds of principles of torque measurement in transfer method,strain（ stress） and torsion angle,the working principles,characteristics and drawbacks of several torque measuring methods and sensor structures that having been researched widely were analyzed in detail. In the future,combining with the own characteristics and development of transmission shafting,the torque measurement of transmission shafting should be further developed in the respects： craft improvement of strain gauge testing,non-contact measurement,measurement of special size shaft,method of data handling and design of measurability.