基于MODIS的神东矿区植被动态监测与趋势分析

Dynamic monitoring and trend analysis of vegetation change in Shendong mining area based on MODIS

以神府-东胜矿区(简称神东矿区)为研究对象,利用2000―2015年获取的250 m分辨率MODIS NDVI数据,采用像元二分法提取矿区植被覆盖度(fractional vegetation coverage,FVC)的基础上,利用一元线性回归方法和重标极差分析法分析矿区植被空间格局变化并预测其未来发展趋势。结果表明:16 a来神东矿区的年均植被指数(NDVI)呈上升趋势,增加速率为8.9%/10 a;矿区大部分地区地表植被覆盖得到改善,其中明显改善面积占比为50.43%,分布趋向为矿区东南方向;而退化面积仅为4.90%,分布在乌兰木伦河、窟野河两侧以及西部和北部沟壑区;65.03%的矿区区域Hurst指数值在0.35~0.45之间,具有较弱的反持续性;矿区中部Hurst指数较高,而西部Hurst指数偏低;结合FVC来看,矿区地表植被未来仅有较弱的退化趋势。综合遥感分析结果,神东矿区植被改善的主要原因在于神东矿区对环保的重视和投入的增加,以及科学和高效的生态环境综合防治技术体系的建立与实施。

Using 250 m resolution MODIS NDVI data acquired from 2000 to 2015, the authors examined spatial-temporal features of NDVI in the Shendong mining area based on the methods of dimidiate pixel model, unary linear regression and rescaled range analysis（R/S analysis）. The spatial pattern changes of vegetation cover was extracted and analyzed,and the development trend of vegetation in future was predicted. The results show that, during the past 16 years, the vegetation cover of the Shendong mining area has been rising with increasing rate of 8.9% / 10 a. Vegetation cover has been improved in most of the study area, in which the obviously improved area accounts for 50.43%, and the distribution tends to migrate towards the southeast of the mining area, while the deterioration area only accounts for 4.90% and is distributed on both sides of the Wulanmulun and Kuye Rivers and in the north and west gully regions. The Hurst indexes are between 0.35 and 0.45 in most of the mining area, accounting for 65.03% of the total area,and have a weak anti-sustainability. In the middle of the mining area the Hurst index is higher, whereas the Hurst index is lower in the west of the mining area. Combined with vegetation cover improved in the past 16 years, the vegetation cover in the mining area will have a weaker trend of degradation in future. Based on the analytical results of remote sensing data, the primary reason of the vegetation improvement lies in the fact that the Shendong mining area has paid attention to the environmental protection, and a scientific and high efficient comprehensive prevention and control technical system for ecological environment has been established and implemented.