姜荷花种球抗寒生理生化特征及促抗寒药剂效果

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of Curcuma alismatifolia bulbs and effects of some chemicals on its cold resistance

姜荷花是国内新兴的一种热带花卉,但中国绝大部分地区因冬季寒冷导致种球不能自然越冬保存。为了明确姜荷花种球的抗寒生理,以便找出进一步提升种球抗寒性的方法,用不同低温胁迫处理姜荷花清迈粉种球,分析其各种生理生化指标,并开展了种球的抗寒药剂筛选试验。结果表明,姜荷花种球在9℃开始表现出逆境胁迫;由抗氧化酶系统和渗透调节系统的变化可知,种球分别在5和1℃调动了自身的抗逆系统来抵御环境的不良影响,在-3℃,各抗逆相关指标基本上降低到最低点。抗寒药剂筛选试验表明,各药剂处理(包括脱落酸、水杨酸、芸苔素内酯、6-BA、多效唑等)均对增强姜荷花种球的抗寒性有一定作用。根据细胞受损程度分析,1 mg·^(L-1) ABA浸泡种球处理24 h的保护效果最好;其次,0.08 mg·L^(-1) 6-BA处理对膜透性有较好的保护作用,但膜脂的氧化程度较高。

Curcuma alismatifolia is a new kind of tropical flowers. However, winter in most areas in China is too cold to preserve bulbs naturally. In order to clarify cold-resistance physiology of Curcuma alismatifolia bulbs, and to find out methods to enhance bulbs cold-resistance, various physiological and biochemical indexes of bulbs which were treated with different low temperature stress were detected, and cold-resistance chemicals screening experiment for bulbs were carried out. The results of physiological and biochemical tests showed that Curcuma alismatifolia bulbs began to be stressed at 9 . According to changes of antioxidant enzyme system and osmotic adjustment system,these bulbs mobilized their own stress-resistant system to resist adverse effects at 5 and 1 , respectively, While va-rious stress-resistant related indexes reduced to the lowest point at - 3 , which might be beyond the tolerance limitof bulbs. The cold-resistant chemicals screening experiment showed that all chemicals treatments including abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinolide, 6-BA, paclobutrazol could enhance cold tolerance of bulbs. According to cell damage degree analysis, 1 mg L-1 ABA immerged bulbs for 24 h had the best protective effect to bulbs. 0. 08 mg L-1 6-BA treatment also could protect membrane permeability, but the oxidation degree of membrane lipid was very high.