贵州赫章县珠市铁矿山矿井突水机制研究

Investigation of water inrush mechanism in iron mine,Zhushi,Hezhang County,Guizhou Province

贵州地区岩溶普遍发育,岩溶区矿产资源丰富。由于含矿层及上下部地层含水性强至极强,矿产开采过程中水害问题突出。大型地下堰塞水体是形成矿井突水的主要水体之一,因其隐蔽性高,防范难度极大。阐明大型地下堰塞水体成因及其形成矿井突水的特点,对矿山生产防水治水有重要意义。以赫章县珠市铁矿山2015年"11·22"突水事故为例,在对突水矿井开展技术调查的基础上,结合矿山水文地质条件,通过对断层构造部位的岩溶发育特点、地下水径流、赋存状态以及形成矿井突水的水源类型、各类水体形成突水特征等分析,揭示了岩溶区大型地下堰塞水体的形成机制;阐明了该类水体形成矿井突水的一般特征及突水征兆;明确了造成赫章县珠市铁矿山矿井突水的水源为大型地下堰塞水体,事故系矿井爆破掘进过程中揭穿大型地下堰塞水体下部岩溶管道所致。大型地下堰塞水体形成矿井突水有其独特性,针对性地开展矿井防治水工作,及时采取合理、有效的防治水措施意义重大。

The Karst areas are widely distributed in Guizhou and rich mineral resources are distributed in these areas.Because of the high water abundance in the mineral layers and its top and bottom strata,the water hazard issues are quite critical in mine exploration.Large underground damming water body,being difficult to prevent for the high invisibility,is one of the major water bodies which cause the pit water inrush.It has important signficance for preventing the water hazard in the mining to clarify the causes and pit water inrush mechanism of large underground damming water body.Taking the 11·22 pit water inrush accident in Zhushi iron mine of Hezhang as an example,the authors made technology survey in pit water inrush.On the basis of analyzing Karst features on fault,underground run-off,presence status,water source types and various water body characteristics of pit water inrush,combining with the mine hydrogeological conditions,the authors revealed the formation mechanism of large underground damming water body in the Karst area,and clarified the characteristics and symptoms of pit water inrush.And it is concluded that water source of pit water inrush in Zhushi iron mine is large underground damming water body.The accident is caused by the Karst conduit break of large underground damming water body in excavation.The pit water inrush characteristics of large underground damming water body are unique.It is significant to carry out the work for preventing the pit water inrush,and take reasonable and feasible means in time.