颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块高分辨率磁共振成像研究进展

Study Progress of High-resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque

颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块被认为是中国人群中导致缺血性卒中的主要因素之一,随着影像学的技术进展,高分辨率磁共振成像为无创性评价颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块的成分构成和特点、与动脉狭窄的关系等方面提供了更精准的成像技术,其研究逐渐成为热点。动脉粥样硬化斑块在磁共振成像中3维时间飞跃序列(3D time of flight,3D-TOF)及T1序列(T1-weighted imaging,T1WI)、T2序列(T2-weighted imaging,T2WI)、质子序列(proton density weighted imaging,PDWI)、磁化准备快速梯度回波序列(magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo,MP-RAGE)、强化序列(T1 contrast enhanced weighted imaging,T1+C)上有不同的信号特点,这些序列也是研究颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块影像学特点及其与临床预后关系的主要方向。

Intracranial atherosclerotic plaque is considered to be one of the major factors leading to ischemic stroke in the Chinese population. With the progress in imaging technology, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging （HR-MRI） has become a noninvasive evaluation of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques about the composition and characteristics. Besides, HR- MRI provides the relationship between arterial stenosis and other aspects of the provision with more accurate technical methods. The research has gradually become a hot spot. The 3D time of flight （3D-TOF） and T1-weighted imaging （T1WI）, T2-weighted imaging （T2WI）, proton density weighted imaging （PDWI）, magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo （MP-RAGE） sequences, enhanced sequences, have different signal characteristics, which are the main orientation of studying the association between imaging characteristics and the clinical prognosis of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque.