探管诱捕与取样筛检小麦粮堆表层储粮害虫的效果比较

COMPARISON OF MONITORING EFFICACY BETWEEN PROBE TRAP AND SAMPLING & SEIVING METHOD FOR STORED GRAIN INSECT IN TOP LAYER OF WHEAT BULK

探管诱捕检测储粮害虫的技术应用日渐广泛,比较和明确探管诱捕与取样筛检害虫结果的关系有利于更方便、省力、较早、较多地发现害虫,做到早防治以避免害虫为害。采用探管诱捕器与取样筛检法,在夏季于散储小麦的高大平房仓粮堆表层设置5个检测点,比较两种方法对嗜卷书虱、印度谷螟、玉米象、锈赤扁谷盗的检测效果。结果显示:表层粮温20~25℃时,采用取样筛检法在每检测点检测到嗜卷书虱最低3头/kg,最高10头/kg;探管诱捕检测嗜卷书虱最低6头/周,最高32头/周;在粮温25~31℃时嗜卷书虱达到检测最高值,取样筛检最高为30头/kg,探管诱捕最高数值为190头/周。在其后的试验期间,探管诱捕法每点检测害虫数量最大值为印度谷螟幼虫3头/周、玉米象成虫3头/周、锈赤扁谷盗成虫5头/周,同等条件下取样筛检法未检测到这些储粮害虫。结果表明:在夏季粮温上升期散储小麦粮堆表层中,探管诱捕比取样筛检可检测到更多种类的储粮害虫,且检测到同种害虫的数量更多,采用探管诱捕法更有利于发现粮堆表层的储粮害虫。

Stored grain insect monitoring with probe trap has been accepted more and more in grain storage industry. Knowing the relationship between insect species and number trapped by probe trap and sampling sieved insect is good to the issues such as operating convenience, less physical labor, early and more finding of insects, suitable management decision, avoiding loss caused by insect. The field insect monitoring with probe trap and sampling ＆ sieving method was separately carried out in five monitoring points in stored wheat bulk when environmental temperature ascending during early summer. The effect comparisonbetweentwomethods was verified on monitoring of Liposcelis bostrychophillus Badonnel ,Plodiainter punctella （ Hobener ） ,Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and Cryptolestes ferrugineus （Stephens）. The results included that density of psocide population per sampling point was 3-10 adults per kilogram of wheat. The psocide captured by a probe trap per week was 6-32 adults when grain temperature in 20 to 25 ~C on 23~d of May. The peak of psocide was 30 adults per kilogram for sieving method and 190 adults trapped for a probe trap while temperature in range of 25 to 31 ~C. In the process P.interpunctella larvae ,S.zeamais adults and C.ferrugineus adults were captured in many checking by trap probe but not by sieving method. The total top number captured by the trap on P.interpunctella,S.zeamais and C. ferrugineus was 3, 3 and 5 individuals per week.The results indicated that probe trap can monitor bigger number of L.bostrychophillus, P.interpunctella, S.zeamais and C.ferrugineus. Sampling sieving method can find L. bostrychophillus but not for P.interpunctella, S.zeamais and C.ferrugineus. During temperature going up in wheat bulk. The probe trap without any bait or pheromone can effectively monitor L. bostrychophillus, P. interpuncteUa, S.zeamais and C.ferrugineus in top layer of stored grain bulk.