蝶鞍的线性测量和形态分析

Linear measurement and morphological analysis of sella turcica

目的测量头颅侧位片上蝶鞍的长度、深度、直径,记录蝶鞍的形态以及鞍桥的发生率,分析蝶鞍大小、形态、鞍桥的发生率与年龄、性别之间的关系。方法选择3~25岁正畸科就诊患者的头颅侧位片,按年龄将患者分为4组:3~10岁、11~12岁、13~14岁、15~25岁,每组400人,共1 600例。通过Winceph 8.0软件定位蝶鞍结构点,测量蝶鞍的长度、深度、直径。记录患者蝶鞍的形态及鞍桥的类型。使用SPSS 21.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果蝶鞍的长度、深度、直径均随年龄增长而增大,同一年龄段不同性别间蝶鞍大小比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。蝶鞍长度在13~14岁期间增长幅度最大,蝶鞍深度、直径在11~12岁期间增长幅度最大。性别差异仅体现在蝶鞍长度上:男性蝶鞍长度在13~14岁期间增长幅度最大,女性蝶鞍长度在11~12岁期间增长幅度最大。蝶鞍形状所占的比例依次为圆形37.9%、扁平状33.2%、椭圆形28.9%;鞍桥的发生率为12.2%,性别间鞍桥的发生率有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论生长发育期间蝶鞍的大小随年龄增长而增大,同一年龄段蝶鞍的大小无性别差异;蝶鞍各形状所占的比例,性别间差异无统计学意义;鞍桥的发生率性别间差异有统计学意义,男性鞍桥的发生率大于女性。

Objective The measurement of length, depth, diameter, shape of sella turcica and the incidence of sella turcica bridges on lateral cephalograms were performed to investigate the relationship between the size, morphology and incidence of sella turcica and age and gender, which can provide theoretical information for clinical use. Methods Lateral cephalograms of patients aged 3-25 from Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, between 2011--2015, were selected. All the patients were divided into 4 groups according to age： 3-10y group, ll-12y group, 13-14y group, 15-25y group. Every group had 400 cases. There were 1 600 cases in total. Sella structural points were located on cephalometric radiograph by Winceph 8.0 software. The morphol- ogy of sella turcica and the types of sella bridging were recorded. The relationship between sella length, depth, diameter and age, gen- der was analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software. Results With the increasing of the age, the length, depth and diameter of sella increased, which had no significant difference between genders in the same age groups （P〉0.05）. The length of sella had the largest increase during 13-14y, while the depth, diameter of sella had the largest increase during 11-12y. It was only slightly different in the increase of the length of sella between genders. The length of the male sella had the largest increase during 13-14y, while the length of the female sella had the largest increase during 11-12y. The proportion of sellar shapes-the circular, flat, oval was respectively 37.9%, 33.2%, 28.9%. The incidence of sella bridging was 12.2%. There was significant difference in the incidence of sella bridging between genders （P〈0.05）. Conclusion During the growth and development, the size of the sella increases with age, which has no significant difference between genders in the same age groups. No significant difference is found in the proportion of sellar shapes and genders. Statistically significant difference is found in the incidence of sella bridging between genders. The incidence of sella bridging is higher in the male than in the female.