鼻阻塞对大鼠颅颌面肌肉及呼吸肌影响的动物模型研究

Animal model research on the effects of nasal obstruction on craniofacial and respiratory muscles in rats

呼吸是人体重要的生理机能,人体正常的呼吸模式为鼻呼吸。当鼻腔气道阻塞时,人体会适应性地将呼吸模式转变为口呼吸。口呼吸会引起颅颌面一系列软硬组织的改建,最终形成临床上常见的颅颌面畸形。用大鼠建立鼻阻塞的动物模型进行相关机制的研究有其独特的优势,同时,基于"Moss功能基质理论",由鼻阻塞所引起的颌骨姿势性改变导致颅颌面肌肉及呼吸肌的相关改建,通过肌肉的力学传导,引起髁突周围生长发育微环境的变化,可以调控髁突的生长发育,最终引起颅颌面骨骼形态的改变。

Respiration is a fundamental physical function for human beings. As the normal respiratory mode, nasal respiration can be changed into mouth breathing when nasal channels are obstructed. Mouth breathing can modify relevant hard and soft tissues of craniofacial structure, which finally results in craniofacial malformation. Animal models of nasal obstruction have been successfully set up on rats due to its unique advantages in the research on related mechanisms. Based on the theory of ＂Moss functional matrix＂, condylar growth and development can be modified by surrounding micro environment, which is influenced by relevant craniofacial muscles. Postural variation of jaws induced by nasal obstruction can finally lead to craniofacial malformation via muscular mechanical transduction.