两种含单宁饲草对反刍动物应用的价值研究

The research of two kinds of forage containing tannin for the application value of ruminants

试验通过体外发酵法,探讨不同月份两种含单宁饲草对延边黄牛瘤胃发酵指标及甲烷产量的影响,试验样品分别选自2014年6~9月月初吉林延边长白山地区的柞树叶、榛子叶,通过体外发酵试验对柞树叶和榛子叶的适宜利用时间以及饲用价值进行讨论,为这两种可作为添加剂或直接饲喂的含单宁饲草资源的开发利用提供可靠的理论依据。结果表明:6~9月柞树叶和榛子叶在体外发酵过程中pH值均呈下降趋势且在正常范围内变化,发酵结束后(72 h),6、7月柞树叶体外发酵NH_3-N浓度、总甲烷产量显著低于8、9月柞树叶(P<0.05),但乙酸和丙酸摩尔比值显著高于8、9月柞树叶(P<0.05);7、8月榛子叶体外发酵NH_3-N浓度、总产气量显著低于9月榛子叶(P<0.05),但乙酸和丙酸摩尔比值显著高于9月榛子叶(P<0.05);并且在发酵后期(24 h以后,含24 h),柞树叶在体外发酵过程中的NH_3-N浓度、产甲烷量及总产气量均远低于同月份同时间点的榛子叶。鉴于单宁含量过高及饲草的收割时期会对反刍动物适口性造成直接影响,结合试验所得:柞树叶和榛子叶是两种开发潜力极高的含单宁饲草,分别在7月初和8月初收割时饲用价值较高,反刍动物采食后可有效减少甲烷排放,降低能量损失,提高氮的利用率,且柞树叶相比于榛子叶更具有开发潜力,可对反刍动物直接饲喂或作为添加剂对其进行补饲。

This test by rumen fermentation in vitro, researching the influence of two kinds of forage containing tannin in different mouths to Yanbian cattle lumen fermentation index and methane output. The samples of this test were Xylosma racemosum leaf and Corylaceae leaf collected in JiLin YanBian ChangBai Mountain region in June to September earlier of 2014. By rumen fermentation in vitro, discussing the suitable time and value of Xylosma racemosum leaf and Corylaceae leaf in use. This test provided a reliable theoretical basis for the two kinds of forage resources containing tannin that can be used as an additive or fed directly to the development and utilization. The results showed that the pH values of Xylosma racemosum leaf and Corylaceae leaf in June to September were within the normal range of variation in vitro fermentation process, and downward trend with the extension of fermentation time. After 72 hours of fermentation, the concentration of NH3-N and the methane output of June and July Xylosma racemosum leaf in vitro were significantly lower than in August and September （P〈0.05）, but the acetic acid, propionic acid molar ratio was significantly higher than in August and September （P〈0.05）. The concentration of NH3-N and the total gas output of July and August Corylaceae leaf in vitro were significantly lower than in September （P〈0.05）, but the acetic acid, propionic acid molar ratio was significantly higher than in September （P〈0.05）. And in the later of fermentation （24 hours later, including 24 hours）, the concen tration of NH3-N, the methane output, and the total gas output of Xylosma racemosum leaf are much lower than Corylaceae leaf in the same month and at the same time points in vitro fermentation process. Considering the direct influence that the higher content of the forage and the forage＇s harvest pcriod to the palatability of Ruminants. The resulting binding ae leaf are two kinds of high potential for development of test： Xylosma racemosum leaf and Corylaceforage containing tannin.Harcesting respectively in July and August early can make it play the higher feeding value, and effectively reduce methane emissions, while reducing energy loss, thus increasing the utilization of the nitrogen. And Xylosma racemosum leaf has more potential for development compared to Corylaeeae leaf, could be feed directly to ruminants or supplement feeding as an additive.