成年树鼩骨骼系统CT三维可视化模型建立及分析

Establishment of CT 3D visualization models and analysis of the skeletal system in adult tree shrews

目的建立树鼩骨骼系统的三维可视化模型,为树鼩的骨骼系统疾病诊断提供依据。方法使用日本东芝Aquillon one 320排螺旋CT进行扫描,100 k V,80 m A,球管转数每转0.35 s,螺距1.35,图像为0.5 mm,层间隔为0.5 mm,使用骨算法重建。在并行计算环境中采用Vitrea软件包,选择Musculoskeletal CT选项,采用容积成像(VR)、多平面成像(MPR)、曲面成像(CPR)技术进行三维重建。结果重建后的可视化模型结构明显、清楚,可以真实地在计算机中重现出树鼩的骨骼系统三维模型。在此模型中,在头骨背面可见五条隆起的嵴,侧面观可见四个大孔:位于前端的外鼻孔、前颌骨后上方的眶下孔、由颧弓所范围着的眼窝和鼓泡外侧的外耳道。此外,可见一些较小的头骨孔,如视神经孔、颌下神经孔。利用该成像技术可定量测定各主要骨骼的长度、前后径、左右径和身长、尾长等数据。尤其是还获得了以往通过解剖难以测量准确的数据:如腭长、臼齿列长等较细微的数据,以及解剖不易获得脊椎前后径及左右径的数据。同时还利用三维可视化技术发现了树鼩存在有骨盆形态不对称、胸廓增大、骨折、跟腱周围滑膜囊钙化的骨骼异常情况。结论所建立的CT三维可视化技术可确定树鼩骨骼系统的特殊特征,对树鼩骨骼系统无侵入性的生态分类、鉴定、进化分析均有重要意义。

Objective To establish a visualization model of CT three-dimensional reconstruction of tree shrew skeletal system and to provide a basis for diagnosis of tree shrew skeletal system diseases.Methods We used Toshiba Aquillon One 320 row helical CT scan（voltage：100 kV,electric current：80 mA,bulb revolution：0.35 s/roll,pitch：1.35,image set：0.5 mm,layer spacing：0.5 mm,algorithm：bone reconstruction method,and we used volume imaging（VR）,multi-planar imaging（MPR）and surface imaging technology by choosing Musculoskeletal CT option of Vitrea package in the parallel computing environment for 3D reconstruction.Results The reconstruction of visual model structure is distinct,clear,allowing to truly reappear the tree shrew skeletal system in the 3D computer model.In this model,we identified five ridges on the back of the skull,and located four big holes in the lateral view.In addition,we showed some smaller skull holes,such as optic foramen and submandibular foramen.We determined the quantitative data of the tree shrew skeleton system more precisely and comprehensively.We also found some abnormal data in tree shrews,such as pelvic asymmetry,increased thorax,bone fracture and calcification in the synovial bursa.Conclusions The established CT3-D visualization technique can determine special features of the skeletal system in tree shrews non-invasively,which is very important for ecological classification,identification,and evolution analysis of tree shrews.