短波视蛋白在豚鼠频闪光诱导性近视和形觉剥夺近视眼模型中的表达差异

Changes of S-opsin expression in guinea pigs with flickering light-induced and form-deprived myopia

目的观察豚鼠频闪光诱导性近视和形觉剥夺近视模型中短波视蛋白(S-opsin)表达差异,并初步探讨原因。方法 36只普通级2周龄豚鼠随机分成三组:频闪组(FLM组,n=13),形觉剥夺组(FDM组,n=12),对照组(n=11)。FLM组,饲养笼具安装有频闪仪(频率0.5 Hz),笼具内装有发光二极管;FDM组豚鼠右眼用半透明眼罩遮盖,并确保豚鼠眼睑能正常活动;对照组豚鼠不予特殊处理。在造模第1天(0周)和第6周测量豚鼠右眼屈光度、眼轴长度和角膜曲率半径,并通过免疫荧光法观察S-opsin表达。结果第0周,FLM、FDM组与对照组屈光度、眼轴长度、角膜曲率半径差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。造模6周后,与对照组相比,FLM组、FDM组屈光度变化值、眼轴长度变化值差异均有显著性(P<0.05),而角膜曲率半径变化值差异无显著性(P=0.358),提示成功建立近视模型。FLM组与FDM组相比,屈光度变化值、眼轴长度变化值、角膜曲率半径变化值差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。免疫荧光结果显示:FLM组视蛋白灰度值>对照组视蛋白灰度值>FDM组视蛋白灰度值,任意两组进行比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.001)。结论频闪光和形觉剥夺均能建立近视模型,频闪光诱导性近视模型中S-opsin产生增加,而形觉剥夺性近视模型中S-opsin产生减少,说明两种近视模型的发生机制可能不同。

Objective To observe the changes of S-opsin expression in guinea pigs with flickering light-induced and form-deprived myopia, and to investigate the causes. Methods Thirty-six two-week-old healthy guinea pigs were ran- domly assigned to three groups： Flickering light-induced myopia group （FLM group,n = 13） , form-deprived myopia group （ FDM group,n = 12） and control group （ n = 11 ）. For the FLM group, the cages were equipped with astroboscope （0. 5 Hz） , and LEDs were used as the light source. The right eyes of the guinea pigs in FDM group wore translucent goggles which did not interfere with the normal activity of their eyelids. No special treatment was given to the guinea pigs in the nor- mal groups. All measurements were performed prior to and then after 6 weeks of treatment. The first measurement day was recorded as 0 week. Biological parameters, such as the refraction, axial length （AL） and corneal radius of curvature （CRC） , were measured and fundus photography is performed before and after 6 weeks of the treatment. The expression of S-opsin was observed and analyzed by immunofluorescenee technique and image analysis system. Results Before the treat- ment, no significant difference was found in three biometric measurements including refraction, AL and CRC between the groups at 0 week （ P 〉 O. 05 ）. After the treatment for 6 weeks, significant differences were found in changes of both the biometric measurements between the FLM and control groups, and between the FDM and control groups （ P 〈 0.05）. Howev- er, no significant differences were found in the changes of CRC among the FLM, FDM and control groups（ P = 0. 358） , in- dicating that myopia models were established successfully. No significant differences were found in the changes of values of refraction, AL and CRC between the FLM and FDM groups （P 〉 0. 05）. Expression of S-opsin differed in the FLM and FDM groups. For the mean gray values of green channel, compared with the control group respectively, significant differ- ences were found in both the FLM and FDM group （P 〈 0. 001 ）. The mean gray value of green channel of the FLM group was higher, however the mean gray value of green channel of the FDM group was lower. Conclusions Both guinea pig models of flickering light-induced and form-deprived myopia can be established successfully. S-opsin is increased in the flickering light-induced myopia model and decreased in the form-deprived myopia model, indicating that the mechanisms of formation of these two experimental myopia models may be different.