学术流派研究平议

A Fair Evaluation of Academic Schools

学术流派是中国学术史的重要组成部分。学派间的激荡互动及不同学派的意脉赓续是学术发展的重要动因。学派同道的切劘补益是学派形成理论张力的重要机制。对学派的评骘态度是蠡测学者为学旨趣的重要依凭。学派研究有助于理清中国古代学术发展的逻辑脉络。学派是以师承、家学等关系为纽带,以学术观念、方法为灵魂,带有时代烙印的学术存在,书院讲学是宋代以后学术流派产生的重要平台。学派研究需要秉持理性的态度,摒除历史迷障,客观认识学派研究的复杂性。

Academic schools are an important part of Chinese academic history. The interactions as well as contentions among different schools and the succession of essences of those schools are two significant factors that have promoted China＇ s academic development. Different academic communities often share their understanding and discuss with each other, making it a major mechanism for integrating the theories, while the evaluative attitude of scholars toward different schools is an important basis for gauging each other＇ s academic purposes. Academic school studies also help clarify the logical contour of ancient Chinese academic development. Academic schools are often steeped in the fluids of their own times, featuring a strong teacher - disciple relationship and/or family learning traditions, taking academic ideas and methods as the soul of a school. Academy lecturing, for example, was an important platform for the formation of academic schools after the Song Dynasty. In approaching different academic schools, scholars should be absolutely rational, so as to objectively recognize their complexities in the maze of history.