不同剂量姜黄素腹腔注射对脊髓损伤大鼠脊髓组织结构及后肢运动功能的改善作用

Effects of different doses of curcumin on the recovery of tissue and hind limb function after spinal cord injury in rats

目的观察不同剂量姜黄素腹腔注射对脊髓损伤(SCI)大鼠脊髓组织结构及运动功能的影响。方法将35只SD大鼠随机分为姜黄素高剂量组、姜黄素中剂量组、姜黄素低剂量组、SCI组和对照组。除对照组外的4组大鼠用HI-0400脊髓打击器制备SCI模型。姜黄素高、中、低剂量组大鼠SCI后30 min腹腔注射200、100、50 mg/kg姜黄素。对照组常规饲养并在相同时间点腹腔注射等量生理盐水。SCI后1、3、7 d取各组大鼠脊髓组织行HE染色光镜下观察脊髓组织形态。SCI后7、14、21、28 d行BBB评分和改良Rivlin斜板实验评价各组大鼠后肢运动功能。结果 SCI组大鼠损伤后1 d可以观察到脊髓局灶性出血,灰质和白质交界线不清晰;很多神经元聚合,胞质内空泡较多,而且还伴随炎症细胞的浸润。损伤后3 d损伤区域出血量有所减少,脂肪液化,细胞核破碎,大量细胞溶解消失,大多胞核萎缩消失,灰质中心明显坏死,灰质内轴索紊乱不规则,胞质内有更多的空泡形成,细胞凋亡明显增多;损伤后7 d大鼠SCI程度有所好转,出血现象基本消失,虽然灰质、白质内仍可见少量液化坏死,空泡,细胞丢失现象有所减轻。姜黄素高、中、低剂量组大鼠脊髓组织形态较SCI组改善,脊髓神经元变性坏死及脊髓组织炎细胞浸润较轻,神经元凋亡的数目较少。SCI后7、14、21、28 d,SCI组大鼠BBB评分和Rivlin斜板实验最大斜板角度明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。随着时间推移,SCI组和姜黄素高、中、低剂量组大鼠SCI后BBB评分和Rivlin斜板实验最大斜板角度逐渐升高(P均<0.05)。相同时点BBB评分和Rivlin斜板实验最大斜板角度姜黄素中剂量组小于对照组(P均<0.05),姜黄素低、高剂量组小于姜黄素中剂量组(P均<0.05),SCI组小于姜黄素低、高剂量组(P均<0.05)。结论姜黄素腹腔注射可以促进SCI大鼠脊髓组织结构及运动功能的恢复,100 g/kg姜黄素促进SCI大鼠脊髓运动功能恢复的效果最好。

Objective To observe the effects of different doses of curcumin on motor function and tissue structure of rats after spinal cord injury （SCI）. Methods Sixty female SD rats were divided into five groups in random, high-dose curcumin group, medium-dose curcumin group, low-dose curcumin group, SCI group and sham group （Group）. We used HI-0400 impactor （produced by American PSI Company） to create the animal models of acute hitting SCI in the above groups except the sham group. Rats in the high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose curcumin groups were administered 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg curcumin after SCI by gavage. Rats in the SCI and sham groups were given the same amount of normal saline at the same time. After 1,3 and 7 d, the spinal cord tissues of rats in each group were taken for HE staining. Then, we used the neural function of BBB scale （motor function scale） and Rivlin oblique plate experiment to evaluate ratsJmotor function at 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 d after operation. Results In the high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose curcumin groups, the morphology of the spinal cord in rats improved better than that of the SCI group, and degeneration and necrosis of neurons in spinal cord was lighter. The medium-dose curcumin group was the most obvious. In the BBB score and Rivlin oblique plate experiment, the maximum inclined plate angle was significantly lower than that of the sham group after SCI （ P〈 O. 05）. Conclusions Curcumin can promote the recovery of spinal cord tissue structure and motor function after SCI in rats, and 100 g/kg cureumin is the best in the range of 50 to 200 g/kg.