声景观对视觉美学感知效应的影响

Influences of soundscape on visual aesthetics preference

为探索环境声音对人们美学感知的作用,通过在城市公园中拍摄的20张照片作为视觉美学评价的媒介,选取五种声音与照片进行配对组合,以大学生为评判者对该组合的美学价值进行了定量评价。结果显示:纯视觉的美学质量与添加了流水声及鸟鸣声的美学质量相比存在显著差异,而与添加了风声、古典音乐和现代轻音乐的美学质量差异不显著;把流水声设置在拥有自然水体,较高植被覆盖率以及较多大树的环境中能够充分发挥流水声的美学效应,而把鸟鸣声放置在植被覆盖度较高的环境中能够更多地提升游人的环境美学体验;声音的视觉联想以及该联想与声音所处环境的吻合程度对于人们的美学感知较为重要;声景观设计的关键在于选择或创建与声音的视觉联想相一致的环境。

To explore the effects of soundscape on peo- ple＇ s visual aesthetic preference, 5 types of sound and 20 pho- tos taken in public parks are selected and combined as the stim- uli of aesthetic preference evaluated by undergraduates. The re- sults indicate that there are significant differences between the aesthetic preference of photos and the aesthetic preference of photo - sound of water flowing combination and of photo - bird singing combination, but no significant differences between pho- tos and the combinations of photo - sound of wind, photo - sound of traditional Chinese music and photo - sound of modern soft music, respectively; it will increase the efficiency of sound of water flowing on aesthetic preference if this sound is added to the landscape containing natural water body, higher vegetation cover and more mature plants, while putting the bird singing in an environment with higher vegetation cover should enhance en- vironmental appealing more significantly. In addition, the visual associations of a sound and the coherence between the associa- tions and physical landscape take a great influence on people＇ s aesthetic experience. Thus the key of soundscape design is to find or build a landscape complying with the visual associations of a sound.