孕晚期妇女胎动监测行为及其影响因素的质性研究

Influencing Factors of Fetal Movement Counting of Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester:A Qualitative Research

目的以计划行为理论和健康信念模式的整合模式为框架,了解孕晚期妇女胎动监测行为的相关体验和影响因素。方法 2016年4-6月,采用立意抽样法,选择上海市某三级甲等医院产科病房分娩后的14例产妇为研究对象,采用现象学研究方法对其进行半结构式访谈,现场录音,根据内容分析法对资料进行分析,提炼主题。结果孕晚期妇女胎动监测行为及影响因素可归纳为8个主题,即对胎动监测的评价影响行为、孕妇对他人的建议较为重视、有胎动计数功能的手机APP给胎动监测带来便捷、客观因素对胎动监测的阻碍作用显著、经产妇之前妊娠时的胎动监测经历会影响行为、孕期异常自行就诊的经历会促进行为、对不良监测行为所致后果的威胁感知不足、胎动监测相关的典型案例会促进行为。结论更新并推广胎动监测的正确方法,加强针对性的宣教,促进孕妇家庭成员对胎动的了解并鼓励参与,是促进孕妇胎动监测行为的有效途径。

Objective To explore pregnant women＇s experiences of fetal movement counting as well as possible influencing factors of behavior based on combined framework of theory of planned behavior （TPB） and health belief model （HBM）.Methods Personal semi-structured interview was adopted to investigate 14 postpartum women and analyzing materials by content analysis method, themes were extracted. Results Eight themes were extraceted： evaluate influencing behavior of fetal movement monitor, pregnant woman tend to value other＇s opinion, APP with fetal movement function makes fetal movement monitor easier, objective factors had significant hindering effect on fetal movement monitor, previous fetal movement monitor could affect behabior, proactively seeing doctor experience could promote behvaior, less threateness of the outcome of mad monitor behavior, relevant cases of fetal movement monitor could promote behavior. Conclusion To promote compliance of fetal movements counting among pregnant women in the third trimester, it＇s necessary to update healthcare workers~ perception about methods of fetal movement counting, and to strengthen targeted education to pregnant women.