新中国成立初期维护海洋主权的探索

An exploration of defending the maritime sovereignty in the early decades of New China

新中国成立初期,党和政府为维护国家的海权做了一系列的工作,逐步收回了在近代丧失的绝大部分海权,制订了相关的法规制度;坚决维护海岛主权,正式确立并对外发布了领海声明;克服了物资奇缺、人员紧张等困难,筹建起了人民海军,创办了多所海军学校。这一时期,我国还应对了来自西方的海上封锁与禁运,拒绝了苏联建立长波电台和联合舰队的要求。中国政府在当时的困境下为维护中国海权做出的一系列实践探索,为我国长期以来及今后维护海权奠定了良好的基础。

In the early decades of New China,the Party and government has made great efforts to gradually resume the sea power lost in modern China,set up relevant regulations and rules,resolutely safeguard the sovereignty of islands and formally assure and issue territorial declaration,overcome such difficulties as the shortage of goods and the lack of personnel,and establish a number of naval schools.During that period,China has also worked out countermeasures to resist ocean blockade and embargo from Western countries,and rejected the establishment of Long wave radio as well as the joint fleet requirements from the Soviet Union.The Chinese government explored a lot in order to safeguard national sea power under the predicament,which has laid a solid foundation for China's maintenance of long-term marine enterprise.