关于中国思想史连续性写法的分析

Analysis of Consistent Method in Writing Chinese Ideology History

从思想史的治史方法论入手,指出连续性的思想史写法潜藏着严重的进化论倾向,平滑、连续、发展的思想史写法限制了思想史家的视域,主宰了其观念世界,对于那些不能摆置在连续性之下的思想历史对象,其认为不是历史本身有突兀、断裂,而仅仅是写作者的主观努力不够、材料占有不够,并不会怀疑连续性写法本身的问题。其实,在思想的历史长河中既有连续又有断裂现象,中国思想史也不例外,不能因中国思想文化的精神或历史精神具有连续性、联贯性,就信赖连续性写法,二者有区别。如果思想史的写作者能在连续性的方法中同时关照那些思想史上的非连续现象,试图对特定的思想历史对象本身的结构及其边界进行分析,在一定程度上会避免连续性写法的局限性,使思想史的研究打开更广阔的思想空间。

Based on the methodology of researching ideology history, this paper points out that consistent method of writing ideology history implies a serious tendency of the Theory of Evolution. The smooth, consistent and developmental methods of writing ideology history limit the historians＇ field of vision and dominate his concept world. Due to this method, the fact that there are some objects of ideology history that can not be placed in a consistent way is not perceived as the abruptness and fracture of history itself, but the insufficiency of history writers＇ efforts and documents and no doubt will be cast on the method itself. In fact, in the long run of history, there have been existing not only consistency, but also fracture. Chinese ideol- ogy history is no exception. We should not trust the consistent method only just for the reason that the spirit of Chinese ideology and culture and spirit of history is consistent and continuous. If the writer of ideology history is able to pay attention to the discontinuous phenomena in ideology history while using consistent method, and tries to analyze the structure and boundary of specific ideology history object, the limitation of consistent method can be avoided to some extent, which will open a broader ideological room for ideology history research.