不同土壤改良剂处理下连作植烟土壤化学性质及土壤酶活性的耦合分析

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on Soil Chemical Properties and Soil Enzyme Activities of Continuous Cropping Tobacco

为探讨不同土壤改良剂对连作植烟土壤化学性质和土壤酶活性的影响,以及土壤酶和土壤化学性质之间的关系,对烤烟移栽后30 d、50 d、70 d和90 d的根际耕层土壤进行采样分析,并结合简单相关分析、典型相关分析和因子分析来探讨连作条件下土壤化学性质和土壤酶活性之间的关系。结果表明:施用蚯蚓粪和微生物菌肥均可明显改善连作植烟土壤的品质,土壤主要养分元素含量上升,土壤酶活性提高;土壤化学性质与土壤酶活性之间存在较强的简单相关关系;典型相关分析结果表明,对土壤综合肥力影响最显著的土壤环境因子为脲酶活性和碱解氮含量,连作植烟土壤氮素含量水平是影响土壤质量的关键因素;因子分析结果显示,第一主成分上载荷程度较高的脲酶、磷酸酶、碱解氮、过氧化氢酶和速效钾这五个指标一定程度上可以表征土壤肥力,土壤酶活性能够和土壤理化因子共同评价土壤综合肥力水平。

In order to study the effects of different soil amendments on soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activities in continuous cropping tobacco cultivation,and relationship between soil enzymes and soil chemical properties,this experiment collected and analyzed the tobacco rhizosphere soil at 30 d,50 d,70 d and 90 d after transplantion,discussed the relationship between soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activity by combining simple correlation analysis,canonical correlation analysis and factor analysis. The results showed that wormcast and microbial fertilizer could significantly improve the soil quality in continuous cropping tobacco cultivation and increase soil nutrient contents,and soil enzyme activity. There was a strong correlation between soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activities. Results of canonical correlation analysis showed that the soil environmental factors,which had the most significant effects on soil fertility,were urease activity and content of alkali solution nitrogen. The content of nitrogen in soil for continuous cropping tobacco cultivation was the key factor affecting soil quality. The results of factor analysis showed that urease,phosphatase,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,catalase and available potassium 5indexes could be used for certain extent to characterize soil fertility,which was higher load on the first principal component. Soil enzyme activities and soil chemical properties could be used commonly to evaluate the level of soil comprehensive fertility.