从一元治理到多元治理:台湾淡水河系的治理机制研究

From Government-oriented Governance to Co-governance:Governance Mechanism of the Tamsui River in Taiwan

淡水河系是一条治理权与管理权分属台湾不同层级政府的跨域河川,但制度缺陷并未埋没其治理成效。基于大量文献分析和深度访谈发现,淡水河治理成效是多元主体协商合作的创造性成果。具体来说,上级政府扮演着"领航者"角色,制定大政方针、法规制度规范地方政府和公民的行为,并为具体治理项目提供资金支持;地方政府则是政策的"执行者",创造性执行上级政府的规定,并为利益相关者搭建协商平台;而公民社会更多地扮演"监督者"角色,自发成立河川巡守队协助政府,同时也监督政府的治理行为。

The Tamsui River is a cross-domain river, whose governance power and management right belong to different levels of Taiwan＇ s government. However, the systematic deficiency does not hide the effectiveness of governance. Based on extensive literature reviews and in-depth interviews, this study finds out that the efficiency of governing of the Tamsui River is a creative achievement of negotiation and cooperation of different stakeholders. Specifically, higher-level government plays the role of ＂navigator＂ by formulating major policies, laws and regulations which can regulate the behavior of local governments and citizens, and also providing financial supports for specific governance projects; The local governments are the ＂executor＂ of policy, but also providing the negotiation platform for various stakeholders; To a large extent, civil society acts as the ＂supervisor＂. They have spontaneously established the river patrol team to assist the government, and also to monitor the governance behaviors of governments.