论鲁迅小说中的“他者”与“自我”——以《伤逝》研究为中心

On "The Other" and "Self" in Lu Xun's Novels——Focusing on the Study of Shangshi

《伤逝》是一部爱情小说,作为一种思想表达,它不仅反封建,而且对"独尊自我"的现代性进行了深度反思。从"他者"视角探讨《伤逝》中的"自我"与"他者"的关系,可以看出,真正对启蒙者的"自我"构成挑战的是子君。因为子君和涓生一样把发挥个性作为最高道德,并且相信"我是我自己的,他们谁也没有干涉我的权利",包括亲密爱人也不行。涓生爱子君,但无法与觉醒的子君共同生活。无论是改造子君还是驱逐子君,本质上都是不承认不接受对方的"自我"。正是在这里,鲁迅深刻地揭示出潜藏在涓生灵魂深处的男权思想和专制暴虐。透过涓生的悲剧,我们可以看到鲁迅对五四以来的启蒙主义和个性解放思想有深刻反思和检讨。

Shangshi is a lovenovel written by Lu Xun. As an ideological expression, it is not only anti-feudalism, but also a in-clepth refleetion on the modernity of ＂self-respect＂. This paper explores the relationship between ＂self＂ ,and ＂the other＂ in the novel Shangshi from the perspective of ＂the other＂, and points out Lu Xun＇s deep rethinking and,review on Enlightenment and individual emancipation since the May Fourth.