论西方治理理论的精神实质——基于前治理理论统构视角

On the Spirit of West Governance Theory: Analysis Based on the Perspective of Pre-governance Theory Unified-construction

群体问题是治理的对象,它主要通过市场、政府或自组织三种途径获得解决。在治理中,市场赋予每一个体捍卫自身利益的机会,但其正常运行离不开外部条件的保障;政府可充当凝聚个体利益的公共利益的捍卫者,但并不具备最大化公共利益的充分能力;尽管自组织可在群体合作中为每个成员提供捍卫自身利益的机会,但却在应用范围等方面存在缺陷。这表明亲市场理论、亲政府理论和自组织理论都难以总是指导群体行动取得最佳结果,客观上产生了对它们进行统构的需求。由前治理理论统构而成的治理理论,追求在以公共利益为导向的群体事务合作框架中让尽可能多的个体获得捍卫自身利益的机会。

Governance is always carried out for Group-problems, Group-problems are mainly resolved by market, government or self-organization. Market allow each individual to become a de- fender of its own interests, but it is inseparable from the sustainment of external conditions ; govern- ment is the defenders of the public interest which is condensed of each individual＇ interests, but lack the motivation of pursuing public interests ; although self-organization allows each member of the group in cooperation have become the defenders of their own interests, but there are some inherent flaws in its application and so on. This suggests that the pro-market theory, the pro-government theo- ry and self-organization theory are difficult to guide alone group action to obtain the best results, pro- ducing needs to Unified-construct them objectively. In this context, if governance theory is Unified- constructed form pre-governance theory, then it should pursue getting as many as individuals to become their own interests defenders guiding by public interest in the in group-cooperation frameworks.