北方宗族的世系创修与合族历程——基于山西阳城白巷李氏的考察

The Process of Establishment Renovation and Combination of Northern Lineage: Based on Investigation of the Li Clan in Bai Xiang Li,Yang Cheng county,Shanxi Province

随着宗族研究的深入,北方宗族问题近年来已引起学界高度关注。多数研究者将宗族视为一个功能性的实体组织,或以江南、华南的宗族经验和概念去审视北方宗族。站在宗族实践的角度,本文意在通过梳理山西阳城白巷李氏宗族各门世系创修与合族的历程,呈现中国北方一个宗族的存在和具体表现,希望在此基础上重新认识和理解既有宗族观念的问题与不足。文章认为,研究者如果不能跳出"实体性""标准化"的宗族概念,非要在宗族实践中去寻找所谓"族谱""宗祠""族规""族产""族长"等形式化、功能性的外在表相,并以此来判断宗族强弱与否、发展好坏的话,是无法准确理解宗族对于中国人所具有的真正意义的,也是忽视宗族空间差异性、形式多样性的一种表现。

With the in-depth study of lineages, the North lineages in recent years has attracted great academic attention. Most researchers see the lineage as a functional entity, viewing the linea- ges in Nothern and Southern China with the same concepts and experience. From a practical point of view, this paper aims to explore the process of lineage construction and integration of the Li Clan in Bai Xiang Li, Shanxi, showing the existence and concrete manifestation of lineages in Northern Chi- na and thus shedding new light on the understanding of existent concepts and problems in terms of clans. The paper finds that if researchers judge the strength and development of clans by exploring its formalized and functional manifestations like ＂Genealogy ancestral temple family rules＂ and ＂production＂ and ＂patriarch＂ from lineage practices without getting rid of the conceptual constraints like ＂entity＂ and ＂standardization＂, such an approach which ignores the spacial differences and for- mal diversities of lineages shall not provide us a correct understanding of the true meaning and signif- icance of lineages for the Chinese people.