北京地区粮堆表层温度、水分、气体监测数据分析

ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE,WATER CONTENT AND CO_2 CONCENTRATION MONITORING DATA IN GRAIN BULK

选择了北京地区储藏小麦、稻谷和玉米3个粮种共5个仓,针对易出问题的粮堆表层,对温度、粮食水分、CO_2气体以及霉菌和害虫生长,开展为期1年的实仓跟踪监测试验,研究实际粮堆中温度、水分、CO_2浓度与虫霉危害的关系。研究结果表明,粮堆表层温度受环境影响较大,无法检测虫霉危害的发生。粮食自身呼吸不会导致开放式粮堆表层CO_2浓度明显升高。当CO_2浓度明显升高时,可以确定粮堆安全出现异常状况,可能出现霉菌或害虫生长,也可能是虫霉协同共生,需采取其它简单快速的检测方法加以区分确认,以便于后续采取措施。由于气体有扩散性,实际仓储过程中,CO_2浓度量值和变化幅度受霉菌或害虫生长速度以及仓房密闭性等多个因素的影响。

In north China near Beijing, a total of five granaries with wheat, rice and corn had been choosed to study the relationships between temperature, moisture, CO2 concentration and the mold and insects in grain heap surface, through site tracing monitoring the above-mentioned parameters for one year. Research results showed that the temperature in grain heap surface are influenced greatly by the environment, mold and insects can not been detected early. Grain breathing cannot cause CO2 concentration increasing significantly. If CO2 concentration significantly increase, abnormal condition of grain heap can be determined, mold and insects may be growth alone or by symbiosis, and in order to take the follow-up action, it need to take other simple and rapid detection method to confirm. Due to gas diffusivity, the actual value and concentration changes of CO2 are affected by growth speed of the mold and insect, bulk airtightness and so on in storage process.