覆膜和灌溉对小麦秸秆还田土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of wheat straw returned on soil enzyme activities after coating and irrigating

为研究西北半干旱区小麦秸秆还田高效利用措施,采用大田模拟试验研究了覆膜和灌溉对小麦秸秆还田后土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:与秸秆不还田(CK)相比,秸秆还田处理均显著增大了土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性。与秸秆还田(S)相比,秸秆还田+覆膜处理(SC)增大了低温时土壤的酶活性,秸秆还田+灌溉处理(SW)对不同还田时期,还田深度10cm和20cm处土壤中的4种酶活性影响显著,均增大了酶活性。土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性总体均以秸秆还田+覆膜+灌溉处理(SCW)的最高。从土壤总体酶活性大小考虑,在西北半干旱地区进行小麦秸秆还田,SCW处理为最佳的还田方式,可显著增大土壤中的酶活性。

To probe the efficient utilization measures of wheat straw returned in northwest semi - arid areas of Chi- na, the field simulation and experiment were taken on to study the effect of irrigation on wheat straw retaining after decomposing and the influence of the soil enzyme activity and straw. Compared with CK, S, SC, SW and SCW treatment significantly increased the soil invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities. S, SC treatment increased the soil enzyme activities when temperature was low. Returning SW treatment in different periods, returning 10 cm depth and 20 cm had a great effect on 4 enzymes in the soil, increased the enzyme activities. Soil invertase, urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities were the highest in SCW treatment. Overall the SCW treatment is the best way for wheat straw returning in northwest semi - arid areas, it can increase the activity of all enzymes.