假病毒在中和抗体检测中的应用研究进展

Research advance in the application of pseudovirus in neutralizing antibody detection

目前成功的病毒性疫苗大多通过诱导广谱有效的中和抗体来保护机体免受感染，因此检测血清中和抗体水平对疫苗的免疫效果评价具有重要意义。中和抗体检测的传统方法包括微量细胞病变效应抑制法、蚀斑减少试验等，均需进行活病毒操作。近年来，随着逆转录病毒载体和重组病毒表达技术的发展，假病毒得到越来越多的研究，并被广泛应用在新型疫苗研发、中和抗原表位鉴定、细胞嗜性研究、抗病毒药物筛选、中和抗体检测、基因治疗等方面。此文主要对假病毒在中和抗体检测中的应用进行综述，并总结相关领域的研究进展。

Most current virus vaccines protect body from virus infection by inducing broad spectrum neutralizing antibodies, therefore, neutralizing antibody detection is of great significance in evaluating vaccine efficacy. Conventional methods for neutralizing antibody titer measurement, such as microcytopathic effect inhibition and plaque reduction assay, need to operate on live virus. With the development of retrovirus vector system and the improvement of recombinant technology, there have been more and more studies on pseudovirus and its application in novel vaccine development, neutralizing antigen epitope mapping, cell tropic research, antiviral drug screening, neutralizing antibody detection, gene therapy, etc. This review focuses on advances in pseudovirus-based assay of neutralizing antibody determination.