从俄罗斯炭疽疫情谈我国炭疽防控措施

Appropriate measures in prevention and control of anthrax in China:experience learned from Russia

比较2016年俄罗斯西伯利亚炭疽疫情的防控措施和我国现行的不同,阐述新形势下炭疽防控一些因势利导的措施手段。概括我国炭疽流行现状,分析我国炭疽流行因素和高发原因。总结出我国炭疽防控的关键在于源头控制目标下的综合措施实施,即加强动物炭疽疫苗接种,加强对病死畜的管理,教育农牧区群众不屠宰、不剥食、不销售病死牲畜,加强炭疽监测、科学彻底地消除炭疽芽胞。如果炭疽防控的各项措施能落实,我国也能达到有效控制炭疽的目的,在一些地区还可以达到控制消除的程度。

By comparing the current control and prevention measures for anthrax in China with the anti-epidemic complex performed in the response of anthrax outbreak in Yamalo-Nenets, Russia in 2016 to explore appropriate measures in the management and improvement of future anthrax outbreak control. We investigated and analyzed the epidemic status of anthrax, the etiology of anthrax and potential risk-factors in China. The key strategies for anthrax control in China depend on the implementation of comprehensive anti-anthrax measures based on infection source control, i.e. livestock vaccination in areas at high risk, strengthened management of carcass disposal and quarantine, promotion of purchasing or killing no sick livestock and other dead or dying animals, strengthened surveillance and extensive disinfection in slaughter places and contaminated environments. With the implementation of appropriate control and prevention measures, the goal of effective anthrax outbreak control in China and elimination of the incidence of anthrax in some areas could be achieved.