基于FPGA的自适应交通信号系统设计与实现

Implement and Design of Adaptive Traffic Signal System through FPGA Technology

针对当前道路车辆逐渐增多,固定配时方案的交通信号系统无法满足复杂车流变化的情况。提出将感应控制方式融入到交通信号系统中,并与定时配置方案相结合,采用FPGA技术设计一种自适应的交通控制系统。通过Verilog语言编写各模块的控制程序,在QuartusⅡ软件环境下进行综合编译与仿真验证,设计出能够采集路口车流信息并实时反馈、自动调整配时方案的交通信号控制系统。然后,结合开发板模块电路,选择合适的电子器件,设计车流检测和交通信号模拟显示电路,并通过管脚约束的方式,完成外接模拟显示电路与开发板的硬件连接,下载程序并调试运行。最终,在实验室完成自适应交通信号系统的硬件电路调试。

The number of vehicles in the road increases gradually,traffic signal control system with fixed timing scheme is unable to meet the complex changes in traffic. In this paper,the induction control is integrated into the traffic signal system,combined with fixed cycle timing scheme. The program of traffic control system is designed based on the technology of FPGA,and then the written program with Verilog is compiled and simulated in Quartus Ⅱ. The adaptive traffic signal control system is designed to adjust automatically the traffic signal timing plan through the traffic flow information collected by the traffic detector. Then combing with different model circuits,the traffic detection circuit and traffic signal display circuit are carried out and welded. The connection of FPGA and hardware circuits is finished through the constraints of pins and is debugged. Finally,the hardware debugging of the adaptive traffic signal system is completed in the laboratory. It is practical significance for improving the traditional traffic control system which is easy to cause traffic congestion.