电商经济发展扩大了城乡居民收入差距吗?

Has E-commerce Economy Development Expanded Urban-rural Residents Income Gap?

基于中国2002—2013年省级动态面板数据,本文利用系统广义矩估计(SYS-GMM)方法考察中国电商经济发展对城乡居民收入分配的影响。研究发现:(1)电商经济发展大幅提升了社会个体的经济参与度,促进了城乡居民收入水平的显著提升;(2)目前这种收益分配并未实现城乡居民的公平共享,显著扩大了中国城乡居民收入差距;(3)此效应表现出一定的地区异质性,中、西部地区电商经济发展的城乡收入差距扩大效应十分显著,而东部地区这一效应并不存在,可能的解释是东部地区城乡电商均实现较好发展,而中、西部地区城镇和农村电商发展较不均衡。发展电商经济是调整城乡收入分配格局的一种重要新生手段,当前应更加注重提高欠发达地区和低收入群体的参与度。

Using China＇s province-level dynamic panel data from 2002 to 2013 and the SYS-GMM method,this paper empirically analyzes the influence of China＇s e-commerce economy development on the urban and rural residents＇ income distribution. The results show that： the development of e-commerce economy improves the individual participation significantly, and largely increases the urban and rural residents＇ income level. The e- commerce economy does not realize the fair share of earnings between the urban and rural residents, but expands the urban-rural income gap in China instead. This expansion effect is more obvious in the central and western regions in China, because its development foundation of e-commerce economy is more uneven relative to the eastern region. The development of e-commerce economy should pay more attention to the participation of less-developed areas and low-income groups, in order to promote a fair share of e-commerce economy development earnings.