贵州省绥阳县吸血蠓类的调查研究

Survey of blood sucking midges from Suiyang county,Guizhou province,China

目的调查贵州省绥阳县吸血蠓的种类分布、种群构成及其吸血率。方法于2016年5月6-9日,采用灯诱法(光触媒紫外诱虫灯)在牲畜厩舍采集吸血蠓,并进行分类鉴定。结果采集吸血蠓31 167只,经鉴定为2属18种,其中库蠓属15种,蠛蠓属3种。贵州省新纪录10种,分别为吉姆库蠓、洋岛库蠓、麦氏库蠓、日本库蠓、东方库蠓、犍为库蠓、蓬帐库蠓、庐山蠛蠓、孤独蠛蠓和小溪蠛蠓;其中东方库蠓为优势种,占捕获总数的72.08%。3个主要种群的总吸血率为40.12%,不同畜舍中均以刺螫库蠓的吸血率最高(56.41%),东方库蠓最低(36.88%)。结论绥阳地区不同畜舍吸血蠓及其吸血率不同,为贵州省吸血蠓的防治及其物种多样性研究提供了基础数据。

Objective To survey the species distribution, community composition, and the blood-sucking rate of the mainhematophagous midges of Suiyang county of Guizhou province, China.Method sThe light（photocatalytic UV trap lamp）trap was used to capture blood sucking midges in different livestock sheds, which were then classified and identified.Results We obtained 31 167 blood sucking midges in Suiyang belonging to 2 genera 18 species, of which 15 species belongedto Culicoides, 3 species belonged to Lasiohelea. There were 10 new recorded species in Guizhou province, C. gymnopterus,C. kinabaluensis, C. mcdonaldi, C. nipponensis, C. orientalis, C. qianweiensis, C. tentorius, La. lushana, La. relicta, andLa. ripa. The predominant species was C. orientalis（72.08%）. The main species composition of the blood sucking midgesvaried among different livestock sheds. The total blood sucking rate of three main species was 40.12%, in which C. punctatus had the highest（56.41%） and C. orientalis had the lowest（36.88%） blood sucking rate. The three main hematophagousmidge species had a different blood sucking rate in different livestock sheds.Conclusion The hematophagous midgespecies and blood sucking rate varied in different livestock sheds in Suiyang, which provides a basic data for the preventionand control of blood sucking midges and the species diversity research in Guizhou province.