盘锦地区湿地生态系统服务功能价值估算

Wetland Ecosystem Service Valuation——A Case Researches on Panjin Area

随着湿地研究的展开和深入 ,湿地生态系统的服务功能价值越来越受到人们的重视。以辽河三角洲盘锦地区湿地为例 ,结合地理信息系统和野外调查及实验 ,综合运用环境经济学、资源经济学、模糊数学等研究方法 ,对该地区的湿地生态系统的服务功能进行了价值评估 ,得到该地区湿地生态系统的服务功能价值为 62 .1 3亿元 ,是该地区国民生产总值的 1 .2倍。并根据估算结果 。

With the further study of wetland, the service of wetland ecosystem is becoming more and more important. The wetland system is considered to play a great role in the whole global circle and is called the kidney of the land. It controls the flood and purifies the wastewater efficiently. At the same time, people begin to pay more attentions on the services provided by the ecosystem that has been ignored for many years and begin to use the measurable methods to express the values of ecosystem service, so the valuation of ecosystem service is taken into account and is becoming an advanced ecological issue in recent years. Panjin is located in Laohe Delta, and the main ecosystem is wetland. Based on land use and vegetal maps, the paper analyzes the wetland ecosystem of Panjin. The wetland ecosystem includes reef swamp, paddy field, mud flat, crab and shrimp field, barren mud and wet meadow. Using the GIS and field research methods, the paper summarizes the main service of the wetland ecosystem, as well as material outputting, air ingredients controlling, flood controlling, purifying, habituating, culture service and leisure service. The paper also calculates service value and comes out the result that the total value of the Panjin wetland ecosystem service is about 621 3 thousand Yuan RMB. It is 1 2 times of the local GDP. Among these services, the most important service is flood controlling, the value is 283\^0 thousand Yuan RMB. The second is air ingredients controlling, the value is about 199\^0 thousand Yuan RMB. Many methods are used in the calculation, such as fuzzy mathematics method, ecological value method, substitution method, shadow project method, tourism expending method, and so on. The paper also discusses the shortcomings of the different methods, and emphasizes the importance of the ecosystem valuation in land use planning and sustainable development.