空间视角下经济集聚的减排效应研究

The Reduction Emissions Effect of Agglomeration Based on Spatial Perspectives

本文考察了环境污染对经济集聚的反向内生性样本选择偏误以及空间相关对经济集聚减排效应的影响。基于2002年-2012年中国285个地级及以上城市的数据,运用空间联立方程模型和广义倾向匹配得分法考察经济集聚与环境污染间的内生关联及非线性关系。实证结果表明,经济集聚与环境污染呈倒"U"形关系,经济集聚超过一定的临界水平后将呈现出减排效应。环境污染对经济集聚存在反向内生影响,环境污染充当了经济集聚的分散力。经济集聚和环境污染均存在显著的空间溢出效应和地区交互影响,空间相关有利于降低经济集聚的减排临界点。文章认为可利用经济集聚的减排效应来改善环境,大力发展城市群,促进区域一体化、同城化,增强区域间的经济关联均有利于减排。同时,地区间的经济发展和污染治理均应形成协同联动,尽快构建地区间污染源核算体系,建立地区间联合污染治理责任分担以及生态补偿机制。

This paper discusses the effects agglomeration on environment. Considering the reverse endogenous pollution to agglomeration,sample selection bias and the influence spatial correlation on the emission reduction effect of agglomeration,based on the data of 285 cities in China from 2002 to 2012,using spatial simultaneous equation model and generalized propensity matching score method to investigate the endogenous and nonlinear relationship between agglomeration and pollution. The results show that the agglomeration and pollution appear an inverted ＂U＂ shaped relation,and the agglomeration will present a reduction emissions effect after more than a certain critical level. Pollution has a reverse endogenous impact to agglomeration and as the dispersion force. The agglomeration and environment have obvious spatial correlation and regional interaction, and the spatial correlation can lower the reduction emissions tipping point of agglomeration. We hold that the emission reduction effect of agglomeration can improve the environment performance,. Developing the urban agglomeration ,promoting regional integration and strengthening regional economic relationship are beneficial to cut emissions. Meanwhile,regional economic development and pollution control should be coordinated,which means interregional pollution accounting and ecological compensation system and combined pollution liability should be built as soon as possible.