山区农村公路新老驾驶人视觉搜索模式研究

Visual Search Pattern of Novice and Veteran Drivers on Mountainous Rural Road

为研究山区农村公路新老驾驶人的视觉搜索特性,在实际道路上用眼动仪对30名被试人员进行生理指标测试.运用统计学和数据挖掘方法对新老驾驶人的瞳孔直径、注视特性、扫视特性进行了分析.结果表明,在山区农村公路上,新驾驶人的瞳孔直径大于老驾驶人,瞳孔直径的变化程度更剧烈;新老驾驶人的注视特性有显著性差异(p<0.05),新驾驶人表现出长时间注视的特性,而老驾驶人表现出较多的短时间注视的特性;老驾驶人在左转弯平曲线上的平均注视时间比右转弯平曲线长;新老驾驶人的扫视特性有显著性差异(p<0.05),老驾驶人扫视速度快于新驾驶人,扫视幅度大于新驾驶人.

In order to study the visual search pattern of novice and veteran drivers on mountainous rural roads, 30 drivers are selected in the experiment. The drivers are asked to drive on the mountainous rural road. In addition, the drivers, visual feature parameters are collected by eye tracker at the same time. Based on screening of effective data, the pupil diameter, fixation and saccade are compared. Besides ,the significance of statistics have been analyzed by using statistics and data mining methods in order to find the differences of visual features between novice and veteran drivers on mountainous rural road. The result shows that novice drivers’ pupil diameter changes dramatically on mountainous rural road, while the veteran drivers’ pupil diameter changes very slowly. There are significant differences between novice and veteran drivers （P〈0. 05） in fixation features. The novice drivers show a long period time fixation, while the veteran drivers show the characteristics of short time fixation. The average fixation time of the veteran driver on the left turn curve is longer than that of the right turn curve. There are significant differences between novice and veteran drivers （ P〈0. 05） in saccade features. The saccade speed and amplitude of the veteran drivers are larger than the novice drivers.