考虑道路平曲线设计的驾驶疲劳对车道保持能力影响研究

Effects of Fatigue Driving on Lateral Performance with Consideration of Horizontal Curve Design

不同的道路平面线形几何设计对于驾驶人车道保持能力的需求是有差异的,驾驶人受疲劳程度影响也会呈现车道保持能力下降的趋势,当前的研究未综合考虑以上2个因素:线形和疲劳程度对驾驶横向表现的交互影响。邀请41位被试者分别开展550km的实车实验,获取车辆位置信息GPS以匹配道路线形类型,基于问卷调查方法获取驾驶过程疲劳等级。分析不同疲劳程度、不同平面线形类型以及弯道半径条件下的车道偏离标准差参数,构建了多元线性回归模型。数据分析结果表明,相同疲劳程度下驾驶人在圆曲线段驾驶的偏离值要超过直线段以及缓和曲线段;当弯道半径超过5 500m时,曲线段弯道半径越大,车道偏离差值越高。同时,考虑了线形影响的多元线性回归模型对疲劳程度的预测精度要高于未考虑线形因素的模型,进一步说明在针对驾驶疲劳行为表现开展研究时,有必要对道路设计参数加以考虑以提高疲劳辨识精度。

Different geometric design of roads has different requirements for lateral performance. Drivers affected by in-creased fatigue level will also show a decline in the ability to maintain in the lane. Current studies do not take interaction effects of geometric design and degrees of fatigue on lateral performance of drivers into consideration. This study aims to explore impacts of horizontal road design on lateral performance of fatigued drivers. In total, 41 middle-aged drivers in China were recruited to participate in a field driving test of 550 km. The self-reported fatigue level was recorded according to the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale （KSS） ; the standard deviation of lateral position （SDLP） was recorded for performance analysis, and the GPS data were recorded as location information. Driving performance under different fatigue levels and at different horizontal types and radii of road curves are analyzed. A multi-linear regression model is further proposed in this study to analysis the correlation among the SDLP, fatigue level and radius of circular curve. The results indicate that when participants are driving along a circular curve,their SDLP is greater than when they driving along a tangent or transition curve at the same fatigue level. The analysis on the impacts of curve radius on SDLP indicates that the driving performance of participants is worse when the circular radius is higher, especially when it is greater than 5 500 m. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the impacts of geometric design of horizontal curve types and curve radius on driving performance when drivers are influenced by different fatigue levels. In addition, if horizontal geometrical parameters can be obtained during driving,the accuracy of identifying fatigued driving based on driving performance can be improved.