无保护会阴分娩技术用于初产妇会阴分娩的效果

Effect of Unprotected Perineum Delivery Technique in the Perineal Delivery of Primipara

目的分析初产妇会阴分娩使用无保护会阴分娩技术的效果。方法随机选择2014年4月—2016年5月在该院产科进行正常分娩的初产妇60名为研究对象,按照有无会阴保护进行分组,对照组为常规阴道分娩(30名),观察组为无会阴保护分娩组(30名),比较两组产妇会阴完整及撕裂情况、产后尿潴留情况、会阴疼痛程度并评价母婴结局。结果分娩后比两组产妇的会阴情况,观察组会阴I度撕裂发生率为50.0%,显著高于对照组23.3%(P<0.05),且观察组会阴切开发生率26.7%,显著低于对照组66.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较两组母婴结局,两组产后出血、新生儿窒息差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),对照组尿潴留发生率13.3%,观察组尿潴留无尿潴留发生,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产妇产程及会阴疼痛比较,两组产程所用时间均差异无统计学意义,产后会阴疼痛比较,观察组第1、3天会阴疼痛评分依次为(6.85±1.69)分、(3.21±0.46)分,对照组依次为(7.96±1.64)分、(5.45±1.52)分,明显高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论无保护会阴分娩术用于初产妇会阴分娩效果显著,可有效减少分娩时会阴撕裂程度及会阴侧切率,降低产后会阴疼痛情况,降低尿潴留发生,对患者及医院均具有良好的经济效益,值得借鉴。

Objective To analyze the effect of unprotected perineum delivery technique in the perineal delivery of primipara.Methods Random selection 60 cases of primipara with normal delivery in our hospital from April 2014 to May 2016 were selected and divided into two groups with 30 cases in each according to whether the group had the perineal protection or not,the control group adopted the routine vaginal delivery,while the observation group adopted the unprotected perineum delivery technique,and the perineum integrity and laceration,postpartum retention of urine and perinaeum pain degree were compared between the two groups and the maternal and infant outcome was evaluated.Results After delivery,the incidence rate of perineum I degree laceration in the observation group was obviously higher than that in the control group(50.0% vs23.3%),(P<0.05),and the incidence rate of perineum incision in the observation group was obviously lower than that in the control group(26.7% vs 66.7%),and the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05),and the differences in the postpartum hemorrhage and asphyxia neonatorum had no statistical significance(P >0.05),and the difference in the incidence rate of urine retention between the control group and the observation group had statistical significance,(13.3% vs 0.0%),(P<0.05),and the difference in the treatment course between the two groups had no statistical significance,and the perinaeum pain scores at 1d and 3d in the observation group were obviously higher than those in the observation group,[(6.85±1.69)points,(3.21±0.46)points vs(7.96±1.64)points,(5.45±1.52)points],and the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of unprotected perineum delivery technique in the perineal delivery of primipara is obvious,which can effectively reduce the perineum laceration degree and perineum lateral episiotomy rate,reduce the perineum pains after delivery and reduce the occurrence of urinary retention and have a good economic benefits to patients and hospitals,which is worth reference.