统筹城乡背景下镇之职能重设

Function Resetting of the Town under the Background of Urban and Rural Coordination

镇的产生和发展有内在的规律性,在国家空间格局中起到连接城乡的作用,在国家治理体系中起到衔接政府与社会的作用。传统中国城乡融合阶段注重镇的经济职能,当代中国1983年前城乡封闭阶段突出镇的政治功能,1983年后城乡半分割阶段重拾镇的经济功能,2000年后城乡统筹阶段突显镇的社会功能和行政职能。镇在国家治理体系的转变受行政管理体制的深刻影响,并与乡村社会的转型相对应。现代中国应从镇经济社会发展的新条件、乡村社会转型的新要求和政府职能转变的新特点出发,按照镇发展的客观规律,明确镇的时代功能,制定针对性的调整策略,通过镇的健康可持续发展促进统筹城乡战略的实施。

The emergence and development of the town has its inherent regularity, which plays a role in linking the urban and rural areas in the national spatial pattern the government and society in the national governance system. The economic function of town is focused on in traditional Chinese urban and rural integration stage. The political function of the towns is prominent when the urban and rural areas in a closed state in China before 1983. After 1983, the urban and rural are not closed. Then, the economic function is thought highly again. After 2000, urban and rural come to a coordinated stage which highlights the social functions and administrative functions of the town. The change of the town in national governance system is deeply influenced by the administrative system, and corresponds to the transformation of the rural society. At present, the government should make clear the function of the town and formulate the appropriate adjustment strategy from the new conditions of the economic and social development of the town, the new requirements of the transformation of the rural society and the new features of the transformation of government functions to promote the implementation of urban and rural strategy via the health sustainable development of towns.