美国政府数据开放的政策法规保障及对我国的启示

The Political and Legislative Support for Open Government Data in U.S.A

美国是开放政府数据最早的国家之一,自2009年提出政府数据开放倡议以来,先后发布多项政令敦促其实施,这些举措为美国政府数据开放的世界领先地位奠定了坚实基础。文章从机构与岗位设置,推行政策,法规条例三个方面分析了美国政府数据开放的政策和法规保障,并从政策制定、平台建设、政策实行和数据安全四个方面分析了对我国的启示之处。

This paper aims to offer suggestions about formulating and implementing policies of open government data.American open government policies and acts are analyzed in three aspects： organizations and positions, policies, and acts. And then what can be learned from their experience is summarized and suggestions are put forward to perfect our own policies. The United States is one of the first countries that open its government data. After the publication of Open Government Data Initiative in 2009, the U.S. Government has issued several policies and acts to open government data.These actions have laid a solid foundation for the leading position in open government data for U.S. This paper will give suggestions about making policies, establishing sharing platform, implementing policies, and data security.