环境规制与工业绿色全要素生产率——基于命令—控制型与市场激励型规制工具的实证分析

Environmental Regulation and Industrial Green Total Factor Productivity——Empirical Analysis Based on CAC and MBI Environmental Regulations

本文利用1997—2013年中国30个省区市的资源消耗、环境污染和经济发展数据,结合Super-DEA方法对中国省际工业绿色全要素生产率进行测算,并以此为基础探究中国不同环境规制工具的节能减排效应差异.结果表明:市场激励型比命令—控制型规制工具更具减排灵活性和激励长效性,命令—控制型规制手段对区域工业绿色全要素生产率的影响呈U形关系,基于经济激励方式下"利用市场"的环境政策工具——排污收费制度效应为正,而"建立市场"的环境政策工具——排污权交易试点政策并未表现出显著稳定的效应;东部地区的规制运行整体优于中西部地区,西部次之,中部最差;环境法制的完善对政府"利用市场"起到一定的促进作用,但"建立市场"的法制体系尚未健全.最后,提出相应的政策建议.

It used China＇s provincial data of resource consumption, environmental pollution and economic development from 1997 to 2013, combined with the Super-DEA method, to calculate the green total factor productivity in China. On the basis, it studied different envirnmental regulation tools＇ impact on energy saving and emission reduction of China. The results show that： market-based incentive is more flexible and more lasting than command and control. The influence of command and control regulation on regional green total factor productivity of industry is ＂U＂ type. The effect of sewage system based on economic incentive mode is positive, while emissions trading pilot policy does not show a singnificantly stable effect. The regulation of the eastem region is better than the midwest region, followed by the west region, and the central region is the worst. The improvement of environmental legal system plays a certain role in promoting the ＂use of the market＂, but the legal system of ＂establishing the market＂ is not yet perfect. Finally, it put forward the corresponding policy recommendations.