武汉某“985”高校在校大学生食源性寄生虫病知信行调查

A survey of students studying at an university in Wuhan,China:Knowledge,attitudes,and practices(KAP) regarding food-borne parasitic diseases

目的了解武汉某高校在校大学生食源性寄生虫病知识、行为及态度情况,为高校开设食源性寄生虫病相关选修课的必要性及其制定大学生的健康教育方案提供依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法,调查武汉某高校大学生共1 460人。通过问卷了解其对食源性寄生虫病知识的了解、行为习惯和态度表现,对回答问题情况进行描述性分析和卡方检验。结果本调查大学生对食源性寄生虫病及其危害和传染途径的知晓率分别为66.78%、75.96%和77.7%;知晓食源性寄生虫病的途径主要来源于媒体网络(34.6%);不同居住地学生对食源性寄生虫病及其危害的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);不同专业学生对该疾病危害的知晓情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。"不吃生的或半生不熟食物"、"不喝生水"和"生熟砧板分开"3项的健康行为形成率均低于50%。不同性别的大学生对"饭前便后洗手"、"不吃生的或者半生不熟的食物"和"不喝生水"等健康行为形成率差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),女同学均高于男同学。不同年级大学生"生熟砧板分开"和"不养宠物"等行为差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。不同民族、籍贯、居住地的大学生在"不喝生水"和"生熟砧板分开"方面的健康行为形成率有统计学意义(P均<0.05),来自城镇学生均高于来自农村的大学生。不同学部大学生"不吃生的或者半生食物"和"不养宠物"等行为的差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。在正确态度形成方面,58.1%学生表示不会再去吃可能感染食源性寄生虫病的食物,13.4%的学生表示还想去尝尝,46.4%学生表示建议他人不要去吃。82.9%的学生计划改掉一些可能感染食源性寄生虫的饮食习惯。结论大学生对食源性寄生虫病知晓率偏低,并且存在高危行为;在高校开设有关食源性寄生虫病的相关课程十分必要。

Objective To ascertain the knowledge, attitudes, and practices （KAP） regarding food-borne parasitic dis- eases among undergraduates at a university in Wuhan in order to provide basic research data on the need for a common curriculum and health education program regarding food-borne parasitic diseases for all undergraduates at universities. Methods A total of 1,460 undergraduates at a university in Wuhan were surveyed by simple random sampling. Under- graduates were given a questionnaire on NAP regarding food borne parasitic diseases. Responses were descriptively ana- lyzed, and a chi-square test was used to test for differences. Results Among these undergraduates, 66.78G had cor- rect knowledge about food-borne parasitic diseases, 75.96 % had correct knowledge about their dangers, and 77.7 % had correct knowledge about their routes of transmission. Knowledge about food-borne parasitic diseases mainly came from the media and the Internet （34.6 %）. Students from urban areas had significantly more knowledge about food borne para- sitic diseases and their dangers than did students from rural areas （P〈0.05 for both）. Students in medical school had sig- nificantly more knowledge about the dangers of food-borne parasitic diseases than did students in other schools （P〈0. 05）. Asked about their practices, more than 50% of students ＂wash [their] hands before eating and after using the bath- room＂ （75.7%）, ＂eat at home or in the cafeteria＂ （95.1%）, and are ＂not a pet owner＂ （75.8%）, but less than 50G of students ＂do not eat raw or half-baked food,＂ ＂do not drink untreated water,＂ or ＂cut raw and cooked food separately. ＂ Female students ＂wash [their]hands before eating and after using the bathroom,＂ ＂do not eat raw or partially cookedfood,＂ and they ＂do not drink untreated water＂ at significantly higher rates than male students to （P〈0. O1 for all）.