考虑碳排放管制的联合运输模式选择研究

A Study on Choice of Combination Transport Mode Subject to Greenhouse Gas Emission Control

对碳排放管制下的运输模式选择问题进行研究。考虑成本约束、时间约束以及运输能力约束条件,分别构建碳排放税和碳排放权交易条件下运输模式选择的多目标规划模型,采用线性加权求和法将多目标规划模型转化为单目标规划模型,通过Lingo 15.0软件进行求解。并用一个算例,分析碳排放成本、运输成本及运输时间的权重系数变化时,运输模式选择结果的变化规律。研究结果表明:运输模式的选择随目标函数权重系数的变化而变化;运输成本权重系数越大,优先选择"公路—水路运输"模式;时间权重系数越大,优先选择"公路运输"模式;碳排放成本权重系数越大,优先选择"铁路运输"模式。从单纯的成本控制视角来看,碳排放权交易比碳排放税有更好的经济效益。

The choice of transport mode between two places has been analyzed in the constraint of the greenhouse gas emission control. Based on the constreint of the cost, time and transportation capability, the multi-goal programming model of transportation mode choice has been established on the condition that the carbon tax or carbon emissions trade has been taken into account. The multi-goal programming model has been changed into single goal programming model by means of linear weighted summation. Then it solved the goal programming model by means of Lingo 15.0. A numerical example has been given that how the transportation mode varied with the weight coefficient of carbon emissions cost, transportation cost and transport time changed. The result shows that, the selection of transportation mode changes with the objective function weighting coefficient; The bigger weight coefficient of the transportation cost is, the greater priority to choose the ＂road-waterway transport＂ mode; The bigger weight coefficient of the time is, the greater priority to choose ＂road transport＂ road; The greater weight coefficient of carbon emissions cost is, the greater priority to choose the ＂railway transport＂ mode. In the view of cost control, carbon emissions trade may achieve more economic profits compared with the carbon tax.