基于能源生态足迹理论的农业废弃物资源再利用方式评估——以新疆南疆棉区棉花秸秆资源为例

The Assessment of Agricultural Waste Resources Recycling Way Based on Ecological Footprint Theory: A Case Study of Cotton Straw in Southern Xinjiang

农业废弃物资源的循环利用,对于实现农业资源的高效利用、转变农业经济增长方式、实现农业现代化具有重要的意义。运用能值分析与生态足迹相结合的方法,在科学估算新疆南疆棉区棉花秸秆资源储量的基础上,对南疆棉区2005—2014年棉花秸秆资源的各种利用方式进行评估,根据能值生态足迹相关理论,从时序上判断南疆棉区的人均生态足迹的变化趋势和不同利用方式人均生态承载力的载荷。结果表明:近10年来南疆棉花秸秆利用的总人均生态足迹为9.65公顷,总人均生态承载力为8.009公顷,年均生态赤字为1.641公顷;说明研究区棉花秸秆资源的利用方式较为粗放,与区域资源环境不协调,并且超出了研究区生态环境系统的承载能力,特别是在饲料化和肥料化的利用方式上较为粗放,资源浪费比较严重,需要政府政策的支持和农户的自主创新。

The cotton stalk is a kind of resource which contains huge energy. If it is not used properly, it may cause waste of resources and environmental pollution. Using the method of combining analysis and ecological footprint energy, the assessment of South Xinjiang 2005-2014 cotton straw resource use, and the energy ecological footprint method of the ecological footprint per capita in the use of cotton stalks and the per capita ecological bearing capacity were analyzed. The results showed that 10 years Southern cotton straw utilization of total ecological footprint per capita 9.65 hm2. Per capita ecological carrying capacity for 8.009 hm2, the total ecological deficit per capita for 1.641 hm2; show that the unreasonable utilization of straw resources in southern Xinjiang cotton, overuse phenomenon, has exceeded the carrying capacity of the regional ecological economic system. This shows that in the southern regions of agricultural waste re-use, there are still large space, independent innovation of government policy support and farmers are required, in particular in feed and fertilizer utilization way is more extensive, the waste of resources is serious.