商代青铜器铭文的体式与功能——兼论文学视野下的铭文研究

The Research on Styles and Functions of the Bronze Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty

文学研究不仅要注意观念的中西差异,更要重视古今差异。青铜器铭文应视为商代最具有文学性的文类。商代铭文内容规整且结构精致,具有文学发展早期的核心特征。其主要体式可分为游离式、主干式、因果式三大类,各大类下又可区分出若干小类。不同体式、类型的铭文其特点和功能各不相同,它们由简而繁的演变,展现了商代铭文的规则化以及商人铭文功能观的变化过程。商代铭文取得了很高的艺术成就,对后世叙事文学的发展有深远影响,具有特殊的文学史意义。

The Research of Literary should not only pay attention to the differences between Chinese and Western concepts,but also pay attention to ancient and modern differences.The Bronze Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty should be regarded as the most literary genre of that era.They are structured and refined,and have the core characteristics of early literature development.They can be divided into three styles,which are the Free,the Trunk and the Causal.These various categories can distinguish a number of sub-categories.Different styles and categories have different characteristics and functions.They are evolved from simple to complex,showing the regularization of Bronze Inscriptions and the change of inscriptions.The Bronze Inscriptions of Shang Dynasty have achieved very high artistic achievements,have profound influence on the development of later narrative literature,and have special significance in literary history.